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The first panzootic of Rinderpest in West Africa that occurred between 1885-1890, caused deaths of over 90% of the cattle population. The second wave of the panzootic occurred between 1913 and 1914 and culminated in a drastic reduction of cattle population from 9.01million to 2.7 million. The devastating effects of these Rinderpest outbreaks were responsible for the establishment of Veterinary services by the colonial powers in the protectorate colonies in Africa namely South and West Africa.

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