The Uganda Bureau of Statistics ("UBOS") is an agency of the Ugandan government. Formed by an Act of Parliament in 1998, the agency is mandated to "coordinate, monitor and supervise Uganda's National Statistical System.

The agency is supervised by the Uganda Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development. UBOS is governed by a seven-person board of directors. Its scope of work includes conducting a national population census at least once every 10 years or so. The last national census was conducted in August 2014.The exercise cost an estimated UGX:75 billion and created an estimated 150,000 temporary jobs. The agency also publishes regular economic surveys and forecasts, including the monthly inflation figures for the country.

Mandate:

UBOS is the principal data collecting, processing, analysing and disseminating agency responsible for coordinating and supervising the National Statistical System.

 The Uganda Bureau of Statistics, formerly known as the Statistics Department under the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development, was transformed into a semi-autonomous body by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics Act No. 12, 1998.

The decision to establish the Bureau arose from the need for an efficient and user-responsive agency that would meet the growing demand for statistics on the social, economic and political developments in the country.

The Bureau is, therefore, coordinating “the development and maintenance of a National Statistical System which will ensure collection, analysis and dissemination of integrated, reliable and timely statistical information.

Functions or Main tasks:

The Bureau is the principal data collection and disseminating agency responsible for coordination , monitoring and supervising the National Statistical System. The main tasks as identified in the Act are: To be responsible for:

• Providing high quality central statistical information services on social, environmental and economic conditions in the country. This task can be carried out in conjunction with other producers of statistics.
• standardization in the collection, analysis and publication of statistics. This would ensure uniformity in quality, adequacy of coverage and reliability of statistical information.
• Providing guidance, training and other assistance as may be required to other users and providers of statistics.
• Promoting co-operation, coordination and rationalization among users and providers of statistics at national and local level as to avoid duplication of effort and ensure optimal utilization of scarce resources.
• Promoting and being the focal point of cooperation with statistics users and providers at regional and international levels.
• To be a source of official statistical information As a central institution responsible for the collection, processing and publication of statistical information, other statistics producers need to coordinate with the bureau if they intend to collect and publish statistics that can be considered official. Equally the bureau must create an environment conducive to co-ordination and collaboration between data producers to enable them to willingly seek endorsement of their statistical data.
  
  
  UBOS was established by Uganda Bureau of Statistics Act N0. 2 of June 11, 1998

This Act provides for the development and maintenance of a National Statistical System to ensure collection, analysis and publication of integrated, relevant, reliable and timely statistical information. It also establishes the Bureau as a coordinating, monitoring and supervisory body for the National Statistical System; and for other matters incidental to the foregoing.